Benefits of Land Application
Background
Biosolids are the major by-product of the wastewater treatment process. When treated and managed appropriately, they can be beneficially used. They have high nutrient value and can condition soil, improving its structure and water retention qualities. The highest and best use for biosolids is generally agricultural application, which is discussed on this page. There are other uses for biosolids, with opportunities for beneficial use reflected in the quality of the biosolids produced.
Biosolids are derived from wastewater sludge. Sludge is the major solids component collected from wastewater treatment processes. Sludge normally contains up to around 3% solids. Biosolids are produced once sludge has undergone further treatment to significantly reduce disease causing pathogens and volatile organic matter. Treatment processes produce a stabilised product suitable for beneficial use. Biosolids normally contain between 15% and 90% solids.
Biosolids are a potentially valuable by-product of the wastewater treatment process. Their use represents an appropriate use of a resource and closes the ‘nutrient loop’. In the face of declining stocks of inorganic (rock) phosphate (please see link to the Global Phosphorus Research Institute below), biosolids may become an increasingly important source of fertiliser.
Below is a range of research that explore the use of biosolids in land application (primarily agriculture). When using these papers please cite them correctly.
Summary Information
Australian Research & Information
- From Waste to Soil to Plant to Feed – The Fate of Biosolids Nutrients and Contaminants in a Real Farm Situation
- Benefits of using biosolid nutrients in Australian agriculture – a national perspective
- Effects of Biosolids Application on Pasture and Grape Vines in South-Eastern Australia
- Land Application of Organic Residuals Public Health Threat or Environmental Benefit
- ABC Latenight Live Podcast – The Importance of Protecting our Soils
International Research & Information
- Global Phosphorus Research Initiative
- Beneficial Use of Municipal Biosolids in Agriculture
- Soil Association UK – A Rock and a Hard Place 2010
- The Implications for Human Health and the Environment of Recycling Biosolids on Agricultural Land